A PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) is a doctoral research degree and the highest level of academic qualification one can achieve. We’ll take a look at some key details you need to know when starting a PhD.
During your PhD, you will pursue unique and independent research to make a meaningful contribution to your chosen field. It is much more than a qualification, as it requires a deep commitment to the academic field and a drive to produce large-scale research.
What is a PhD?
A PhD, or Doctoral Degree, is typically the qualification that follows a master’s degree. However, there are some exceptions as some universities accept students directly with an undergraduate degree where they achieved a 2:1 or higher. Unlike other degree-level qualifications, there are no classifications; you either gain your PhD or you don’t.
How Long Does a PhD Take?
The duration of a PhD varies hugely from person to person depending on factors such as funding, other work commitments, and your supervision. The most common length of a PhD is three to four years full-time and six to seven part-time. Although it is not uncommon for PhD students to get an extension which cannot exceed seven years of total study.
It’s clear that starting a PhD is a significant commitment and requires dedication beyond any other level of degree qualification.
What’s Involved in a PhD?
The years spent doing a PhD consist of independent research to produce a publication-worthy thesis of 60,000 – 90,000 words. This thesis must bring something new to the field and offer further evidence, arguments, and reflections on your chosen topic. On top of this, you’ll also complete an oral exam where you must explain your thesis and defend its scientific rationale.
During a PhD, many students also spend some time teaching. They often tutor undergraduate seminars and produce smaller collaborative projects with other students at the institution.
Are All PhDs the Same?
Not all PhDs are the same. Although it is rare, there are some taught PhD programmes on offer around the UK, instead of a sole research qualification. This is most common when a PhD is upgraded to an MRes or MPhil. A Master of Research (MRes) or Master of Philosophy (MPhil) is a one or two-year programme which emphasises independent research. It’s possible to convert your first year of an MRes into a PhD with an extra three years of study.
For more information, visit our dedicated page on PhDs.
PhD Funding
One of the key factors to consider when starting a PhD is funding. There are two routes you can take when it comes to funding a PhD:
Self-Funding
The first and less popular choice is to self-fund your research. This will require you to do your PhD part-time and work for the rest of the time. This might be the right choice for you if your family or a partner can financially support you, and you would prefer the freedom of self-funded education.
Outside Funding
The more popular choice is to find PhD funding. There are a variety of different options here, which can often lead to some confusion.
Here is everything you need to know about finding PhD funding:
UK Research Council Studentships
There are seven UK Research councils run by an organisation called The UK Research and Innovation. They are:
- Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
- Medical Research Council (MRC)
- Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
These councils fund PhD students’ research by paying their tuition fees and also offering financial support for living costs. These studentships are awarded to the best applicants each year. Therefore, it is a considerable achievement to be awarded a studentship from the UK Research and Innovation.
UK PhD Loans
English and Welsh residents can now apply for government loans of just under £28,000 to study for a PhD anywhere in the UK.
University Scholarships and Bursaries
The university you’re applying to will have a scholarship and bursary scheme which might be able to provide some financial support while you study for your PhD. There tend to be two main types of scholarships:
- Academic merit – universities want to bring in the best students from around the country to do their research with them.
- Student needs – universities must ensure all capable students get the chance to study for a PhD and aren’t held back by their financial background.
For more information, visit our postgraduate pages.
Key Takeaways
Starting a PhD can be an overwhelming experience for many students. It requires commitment, sacrifice, and plenty of hard work. If doubt settles in, it helps to remember why you made the decision to study for a PhD and what your plans for the future are. Remember that, on completing your PhD, you’re not only more likely to find employment, but you’ll also get a higher-skilled job and earn a better salary.
For more information on life after your PhD, check out our page on Completed your Postgraduate Degree, What’s Next? And if you need more inspiration, visit our dedicated page on Why Do a Postgraduate Degree?
Don’t hesitate to contact us if you have any questions. And for all the latest from Developing a Student, sign up for our newsletter using the form below.
